The Chroma Key Tutorial

To practice using the green screen, we have completed a training tutorial on using Final Cut Express. We used Hawa as our subject. For our first attempt we have made good use of the green screen.



We feel that this tutorial went quite well and for a first attempt at using the Chroma Key technology we think that the end result was really good. The way we lit the green screen and the subject was near perfect. We did an awesome job!!! :D

Shannon, Scott, Hawa

Magazine Conventions

This magazine front cover of a soap opera gives alot of conventions of itself. This cover stands out alot to soap audiences as it has the images and stories from the main soap operas people watch.
The font used is very plain.  The phrase "pregnant by Ian" where "Ian" is highlighted in pink. Ian is one of the protagonist in the stories and this is why it is highlighted out.  "Archie" is alos highlighted out in pink. The colours used pink, white and red are very feminine which tells us it revovles around women.
"Baby shocks" is in white. This heading is quite similar to what our soap is going to be based on. This is one of the reasons why i chose to analyse this cover.

Hawa

Soap Magazine Cover Research

This magazine cover would be appealing to the audience as the cover is filled with information about the three most popular soaps on television.


The name of the magazine “Inside Soap” would appeal to the reader as it suggests that this magazine will contain all the latest gossip in the soaps. The strapline which reads “Every Story, Every Secret, Every Week. This would appeal to the audience as it further suggests that this magazine knows all the most recent news in the soap world about up and upcoming storylines. At the top of the page it says “First for the big soap news” which also connotates that Inside Soap knows all the biggest gossip in the soaps before any other television magazine.


The focal storyline that it is advertising is the one concerning Max, Stacey and Ryan in EastEnders. The text is in an easy to read font and the word “final” stands out against the rest of the writing making it easily noticeable to the reader and more likely that they will pick it up and have a flick through it. Stacey is placed between Max and Ryan which tells us that her choice is between them.


The other storylines in the soaps surround the focal storyline. Each of these are in a clear and easy to read font which stick out. There is use of bold colours which stand out and would attract the reader to it; just like with the main storyline they are advertising. It appears for that each soap a different style font is used which separates out all the different storylines being advertised.


For our ancillary task we will take our inspiration from this magazine, as this magazine is well loved and a lot of people like to know what is coming up in the soaps. The fonts used stand out and there is a lot going on on the cover meaning that it attracts people to it. Although on our cover we will place more emphasis on our soap and have the image for our soap a bit bigger and more centralised than on this cover; and instead of having several other soap storys being advertised we will have a couple of other soap storylines surrounding it.


On our cover we will use bold colours that stand out, very similar to Inside Soap as well as easy to read fonts.

Shannon

Poster Research

       For my part of the ancillary poster research I have decided to analyse a poster of the programme called Reaper as it has a similar target audience to ours. 

Analysis

       Firstly there are two distinction in font style. The writing that uses a direct mode of address in the centre of the poster that says 'Are you ready?' uses a very informal and rebellious font as that is the sentence which is supposed to grab their target audience. Then the other more formal font gives basic information such as time, date and which channel the show is on. It is easy to read and keeps to the top and bottom of the poster so that it does not distract the audience from looking at the picture which advertises their programme. There is also a constant use of logos in this poster as there are two on the poster. The first is the logo for the show which is on the bottom left hand corner and the second is the channels name which is at the top. The poster's picture is very symmetrical as there is a couch that if it was not for the flames would be symmetrical. The characters sitting on the couch are equal distance from each other and both sitting in a similar way that already makes themselves slightly symmetrical as their hands are together no at different angles. Behind the two on the chair is a man in a suit that has his hands on their shoulders to the outside of the chair making it look even more symmetrical. Red is their iconic colour which is used to insinuate concepts such as danger, action, passion and excitement. Also for people that know what the television show is about the red also insinuates hell as the show is about working for the devil, this meaning is anchored down with the flames coming out of the couch. Clothing worn by the characters are geared towards their target audience as the two sitting on the couch are wearing clothes such as jeans, shirts and jackets which allows their target audience to identify with them. Binary opposites are used behind these two as the man behind them representing the devil is wearing a formal suit which represents things such as authority which labels him out as the enemy. All the characters are looking at you the audience so that they make a connection with the person looking at the poster (The character on the right hand side of the couch is peeking at you at the side of his eyes). Lastly there is use of facial expressions to help convey their situation as the two people sitting on the couch have pained expressions on their faces and the devil behind them is smirking as if he knows something they do not.

Points of Interest

• Use basic fonts for information such as date, time and which channel the programme will be on.
• Use a sentence that will grab the audience (E.g. Are you ready?).
• Use logos (Yours and the channel it is showing on).
• Use symmetry (Not perfect symmetry though).
• Make sure you have an iconic colour.
• Make the characters look at YOU.
• Make sure the clothing fits in with our target audience.
• Try and have facial expressions.

Scott

Analysing The Talk Show Genre

As mentioned before we have decided to do a talk show based them for our Soap Opera trailer. For this I have decided to do some extra research about the talk show genre fro shows such as ;The Jeremy Kyle Show' and 'The Jerry Springer Show'. I have analysed two clips each for these shows and have seen clear distinctions between the two. One main reason for this I think is that The Jerry Springer Show is American which like to have over dramatic themes in their shows and The Jeremy Kyle Show is British which like their shows calmer and more realistic.

The Jerry Springer Show
1) Shows opening sequence:



2) Clip of The Jerry Springer Show:



Starting from from clip one which is the opening sequence there is already an establishment of brand identity by having a warning at the beginning telling the audience that their show is for adults only. The word 'warning' is in a thick bold red which is used to put emphasis on the danger element of the show. After this we are greeted by what appears to be a trailer which is not normally shown on the beginning of The Jerry Springer Show, nut this is an exception as it is the first episode of the new nineteenth season. This part is in a comercial format which will be able to give us a good impression on what we may want our Soap Opera trailer to be like. The narrator explains a few of the stories such as two people wanting to marry the same women. this clip mainly contains all the most dramatic scenes such as a man rising up with his arms in the air and this clip also gives off their brand identity as  having over exaggerated violence with people jumping on each other, beating each other with flowers and censoring out random parts of the body to incinuate that a person is being inapropriate (e.g. Censoring out chest to incinuate that their nipples have become exposed although this may not be the case).
After this commercial like sequence there is a pan long shot on the audience to create their prescence which then goes onto Jerry's overdramatic entrance by entering from the roof. The audience being an establishing shot is also used in The Jeremy Kyle Show as I will compare when I have analysed both of the shows. Jerry will then explain what their topic is for today. The non-diegetic background music has a rock theme to it to give the show a feeling of intensity to yet again make the show even more dramatic.

Analysing the second clip of The Jerry Springer Show there are two motifs emphasized here, one is violence as the characters can not seem to stop themselves from jumping on each other in an almost drunken rage. The second is the emphasis on controversy. In this clip a grandmother is having a sexual relationship with her grandson. These two factors work together to yet again make their show over dramatic. On the bottom of the screen there is the Jerry Springer logo which adds to brand identity along with a brief synopsis of what the issue is so that late watch can know what is happening. There is a definate relationship between colour and brand identity as background is always a brick red which represents danger. Using a brick background and from clip one there is a brand identity that the show is similar to that of a night club as there are flashing lights coming from the roof and the walls are brick colours giving off a vibe of excitement. In this show the bouncers have a large presence as they always try to stop the violence which in most cases end up making the issue worse, but they are also there to stop the entire show to be about fighting and will leave room for talking which will lead to more violence.Another factor in the show is that the audience do not make hissing noises or are used for comedic sound effects for drama like in The Jeremy Kyle Show but are used to build drama in a different fashion, instead of sound effects they will chant Jerrys name whilts standing up and will also give insults such as 'Freak'. Along with this Jerry also insults their guests and in most shots he is shown with the audience behind him.

The Jeremy Kyle Show
1) Shows opening sequence:



1) Clip of The Jeremy Kyle Show:



In clip one which is an example of the Jeremy Kyle opening sequence. The iconic colour of The Jeremy Kyle Show is blue which is associated with calmness which their show is trying to convey. Proof of this is shown in the sequence. It starts with small scenes of the host Jeremy Kyles face talking and other small  pictures of normal people doing their ordinary activities. The non-diegetic background music is jazzy to give the audience a feeling of intelligence to the show. At the end of this sequence we see their logo which is their icon telling informing the audience that they are watching The Jeremy Kyle Show. After this the camera is set on the audience clapping with a panning mid body shots of the audience and then being greeted by Jeremy Kyle and he thanks them for his applause and welcomes the audience/viewers to the show. To convey the situation large white writing appears on the screen informing the audience of the situation.

Clip two is an example of the actual talking part of the show. Again there is the iconic calming blue background of the set. In this show there is a lot of talking and no physical violence, there are the presence of bouncers but they are not seen unless actual violence did break out. Jeremy Kyles talking is very sharp and harsh which is used to bring the interest and drama into the show. By using insults and provoking the guests Jeremy Kyle manages to bring interest rather than actually trying to talk to his guest calmly which would be considered boring on television. Another way drama is brought to The Jeremy Kyle Show is by using the audience. The audience in this show is mainly used for two things, the first being used to add amusing gasps like 'ooh' and 'ahh' which makes can be used to spur on any intense conversations or create intense conversations. The second is to put them behind Jeremy Kyle giving the impression that the entire audience is on his side which makes him seem more powerful. The last way The Jeremy Kyle Show creates drama and interest into his show is by inviting scummy and controversial guests in which he can insult. In clip 2 there is an unemployed teenager who has gotten his girlfriend pregnant whilst he has cheated on her fifteen times and has no interest in finding a job so he drinks 20 cans of beer a day. This is very controversial as their target audience in mainly social class C2, D and E which have more of a taste for tabloid newspapers which usually tend to highlight these topics. Lastly on the bottom left hand corner there is the Jeremy Kyle logo accompanied by a quick synopsis of the situation.

Comparing the Two Shows
Comparing these two shows we can see both similarities and differences between the two. Starting with differences, although they are both talk shows the entire feel of their shows that they represent to their audiences are completely different. Jerry springer focus' more on violence where as Jeremy Kyle focus' more on talking. Jerry Springer conveys the more physical intensity of his show by using a brick background and the constant presence of bouncers to hold their guests back whilst provoking them where as Jeremy Kyle uses blue to create a calm environment to try and verbally bash his guest into submission without using bouncers. Their non-diegetic background music are both different as Jerry Springer has a more rock beat and the Jeremy Kyle uses a Jazzy melody to try and create the mood. In Jerry Springer the audience are used to cheer, hiss and boo where as Jeremy Kyle makes the audience give sound effects to create his mood. Another way they both use their audience in a different way is by using the opening sequence. In Jerry Springer he comes down on a pole and near jumps into the audience using a panning long shot shaking their hands while they are chanting his name where as Jeremy Kyle gets his audience to calmly clap as panning mid shot shows them and Jeremy Kyle will simple accept their applause graciously. The last difference is that Jerry Springer has a big flashy warning message at before the show begins and Jeremy Kyle does not.

As many differences as there are between the shows there are also similarities. One similarity is that they both have their logos followed by a brief explanation at the bottom left hand side of the screen. Another similarity is that they both have their audience in the background of their shots as to convey that the audience is on their side. Scummy guests also seem to be used in both shows although Jerry Springer tends to be more controversial using themes like incest instead of topics like teenage pregnancy in the Jeremy Kyle show. The host also jabs at their guests psychologically as well although Jeremy Kyle does this more as his show is more about talking than violence unlike Jerry Springer.

Scott

Branding

Branding

A brand is not the same as a product. In terms of coursework the product is a soap opera however the brand would be EastEnders, Emmerdale, Coronation Street or Neighbours which are all different soaps and each have their own separate image. Neither of these soaps have a similar brand identity.

Branding is an essential part of promoting a specific product. There is a need for different brands came about as a result of mass production. Nomi Klein, No logo said "….Competitive branding became a necessity of the machine age-within a context of manufactured sameness, image-based difference had to be manufactured along with the product."

Branding is all about creating an image that people can easily link to a certain product that will draw in consumers over and over again. In terms of soap operas this would be people linking the theme tune and setting to the soap.

According to mudvalley.com here are 8 elements that come together and create a brand identity.

1. Brand Essence - What a brand means in a sentence.
2. Brand Slogan - Often a catchphrase linked to the logo.
3. Brand Personality - What kind of character does the brand have? These humanise the brand and make it easier to relate to.
4. Brand Values - What does the brand stand for/against?
5. Brand Appearances - What does the brand look/sound like?
6. Brand Heritage - What tradition does it have?
7.  Emotional Benefits - What feelings does it offer the consumer?
8.  Hard benefits - Is it cheaper/better? What real benefits does the brand offer to the buyer?

The brand identity of Coronation Street is quite clear through the way it shows terraced houses, the corner shop and the pub. You can tell at a glance that the soap will be about family life and focus primarily on the working class. The theme tune also suggests working class and it is played by a brass band which tells us that it is set in the North of England. All of this suggests that the soap would be aimed at an older audience as it deals with every day real life family issues.

The brand identity of Emmerdale instantly gets across the message that it is all about village life due to the mise en scene showing plenty of greenery. It is clear to the audience that Emmerdale is set in a rural area through the landrover that is being driven, which is generally used on farms, in the mise en scene. The stone buildings are also connotate that it is set in a rural area. Since Emmerdale is set in a rural area everyone in the village will know each other and what is going on in each other’s lives as they are a tight knit community.

The brand identity of EastEnders is very simplistic. It shows a bird’s eye view of the East End of London which connotates city life and the working class. It is well known that London is known for a high crime rate in some areas so another connotation of the logo is that there will be crime present to a certain degree but not to the extent of central London.  

The brand identity of Hollyoaks is that it is youthful. The logo connotates that it is for both girls and boys through the use of the signs used to represent each gender and how half of Hollyoaks is written in pink (which connotates femininity) and the other half is written in blue (which connotes masculinity).

We want our brand identity to be similar to that of Hollyoaks as we are aiming it towards a similar target audience. Our trailer is going to be fun and youthful as we are taking our inspiration from Jeremy Kyle and Jerry Springer which are especially popular with the younger generation. Hollyoaks also tackle controversial issues and in our trailer we are tackling the issues of homosexuality and teenage pregnancy. At the moment Emmerdale is tackling homosexuality with the stoyline concering Aaron and Jackson; Hollyoaks is also tackling homosexuality with the storyline concerning Ste and Brendan; Coronation Street is tackling homosexuality with the storyline concerning Sian and Sophie; and EastEnders is tackling the issue of homosexuality with the storyline of Syed and Christian (made controverial because Syed is a muslim). It is for this reason, that it is current and popular, that we began to consider homosexuality as our main storyline. 

Shannon

Target Audience Questionnaire

To find our target audience I have produced a questionnaire to find out what people like and then exploit this information in our Soap Opera trailer. This is what my questionnaire looked like:

I then printed out 50 copies of this questionnaire and asked 10 members of each age group stated and within those age group 5 were male and 5 were female. I then personally distributed and compiled the data into an Excel document and made a visual representation for each of the quantitative data questions I asked.

Here is the Excel document I made in which I then turned into .jpg files by using Macromedia Fireworks:

In question 5 there are more than 50 answers in it because most people actually watch more than one soap at the same time. This is a great finding because it tells us that people watch a variety of different soaps and not just one. This allows us to be able to make a space in the market that will be watched as we now know that people do not only stick to one soap opera.

For question 3 since it is a qualitative answer I will give an explanation to what most people have wrote in their questionnaire. Socio-economically speaking most people that answered the questionnaire we in the D, C1 and C2 scale area. The small minority were B and A. Also no one in the E section had admitted to watching soap operas.

Also for question 6 since it is a qualitative answer I will give another explanation to what most people have wrote in their questionnaire. In Emmerdale most people were interested in a man that has just recently confessed to being gay and has gotten into an accident with his first boyfriend. In neighbours people were interested in another male character admitting to being gay and then breaking up with his girlfriend. 

The results of my questionnaire have shown that people between the early twenties and mid thirties as there seems to be a gap in the market for this age range according to my questionnaire as the most popularly watched soaps are Coronation Street and EastEnders which are mainly aimed at an older audience.

Scott

Demographic and Psychographic Profiling.

Demographic Profiling
This form of profiling was the first type of audiuience profiling developedand its purpose was to group the audince into smaller groups using variables such as age, gender, class and religion. It is based on GRASS and the socio-economic scale

G - Gender
R - Race
A - Age
SS - Socio-economic Status

Socio-Economic Scale
This determines which class you belong to based upon your job/income. There are 6 standard groups in total. As children cannot work they are classed based on their parents income.

• A - Upper Class. Thisis mainly for people who are in managerial or administrative positons or are professional such as a comapny director or a surgeon.
• B - Middle Class. This group concerns people who are middle management such as teacher and solicitors.
• C 1 - Lower Middle Class. This group concerns people who are skilled non-manual workers such as sales assistants and shop floor supervisors.
• C2 - Skilled Working Class. This group concerns people who do jobs such as plumbing or clectrical work.
• D -  Lower Working Class. This group concerns people who work on assembly lines or as cleaners.
• E - Subsidance. The people in this group are genrerally unskilled, pensioners, unemployed or students.

Age is a big part of the grouping becasue people in the same group tend to be at the same stage in their life and therefore have similar wants and needs. People within the same group will have very similiar financial circumstances for example students at university will have a very different financial status compared to someone who is retired.

Psychographic Profiling
This form of profiling was created by Young and Rubican. People are catergorised in terms of their personal aspirations and split into 4 categories.

1. Mainstreamers - this covers approximately 40% of the market and therefore by far is the largest section of the market. Members of this group seek security in conformity and therefore tend to but into well known brands.
2. Aspirers - People within this group are motivated by status. They tend to buy into smart, high tech and fshionable goods.
3. Succeeders - People within this group have climbed the 'social ladder' and want to kep the control that they have.
4. Reformers - People within this group want the world to be a better place. These tend to be well educated epople such as teachers or doctors. These people are more likely to buy eco-friendly products.

In 1988 a new group was introduced known as the 'individual'. These are a niche market and focus on their individual lifestyle and quirkiness. Examples of these idividual groupings are:-

• CHAV - Council House And Violence
• NINJA - No Income No Job or Assets
• HEW - High Earning Worker
• VEST - Very Egotistical Stupid Twit

Shannon

Graph to show a weekly viewing of soaps

Pie Chart to Show Weekly Viewing of Soaps- Chart 1

i made this pie chart to show the weekly viewings of the soaps eastenders, coronaton street, emmerdale and neighbours. i signed up to http://www.scribd.com/  to place this on to my blog. The pie Chary shows how many people watched eached of these soaps on the week of 4th-10th October 2010.

Hawa

Viewing figures for Soaps

We decided to gather statistics on different soaps from various channels in order to determine whcih channel and soap  is most popular amongst the general public in the UK.
The site we used to find these figures is www.barb.com

Eastenders viewing figures for the 4th - 10th October (BBC1)
Monday 8pm - 9.76m
Tuesday 7.30pm - 9.75m
Thursday 7.30pm - 9.04m
Friday 8pm - 8.57m

Coronation Street viewing figures for the 4th - 10th October (ITV1)
Monday 7.30pm - 9.58m
Monday 8.30pm - 9.83m
Thursday 8.30pm - 8.44m
Friday 7.30pm - 8.57m
Friday 8.30pm - 8.19m

Emmerdale viewing figures 4th - 10th October (ITV1)
Monday 7pm - 7.38m
Tuesday 7pm - 7.46m
Wednesday 7pm - 7.94m
Thursday 7pm - 7.28m
Thursday 8pm - 7.52m
Friday 7pm - 7.11m

Neighbours viewing figures 4th - 10th October (Channel 5)
Monday 5.30pm - 1.38m
Tuesday 5.30pm - 1.37m
Wednesday 5.30pm - 1.38m
Thursday 5.30pm - 1.38m
Friday 5.30pm - 1.36m

Shannon, Scott, Hawa

Analysis of Eastenders trailer

A sooap opera is an on going episodic work of dramatic fiction presented in serial format on television. it got the name "soap" because many of the original sponsors were soap companies.

 The soap opera trailer i'll be analysing is from Eastenders "is peggy still under his control

• This trailer breaks many of the conventions of soap trailers.
• First of all it doesn't show any actual footage of the the soap eastenders.
• The way it has been laid out show's some suspense. The black background show's this.
•  We see Peggy dressed up, and looks from the upper class, her clothes and expensive jewellery reavelas her dominant class, however later on in the trailer we see this his being taken away and the man is standing infront of her. It shows an ironic scene because if the new audiences who do not know about this soap won't know what is going on.
• it breaks the realism to which soaps are normally confined as there has been the use of green screen. The scene has been set in a studio.
• The slow eerie music tells us that something is wrong, and we realise this when near the end a voice over says "is peggy still under his control" . This helps bring revenue.
• According to Geraghty emphasis on the central women helps bring invited support from the audience and this is exactly what is going to happend with this soap trailer.
• According to Brown soap operas are mainly aimed at female even though many males enjoy watching them. Mainly because the sponsors were soap. This trailer starts of by showing a women and we can see that this is aimed at a  women.
• feminists say that men dominate women, and the heading of this which emphasises on a man controlling a woman shows this.

In the end the well known EastEnders’ usual establishing shot is used as well as their iconic introduction music which is a convention of soap operas. This allows those that do not usually watch EatEnders to know that this is an EastEnders trailer



Hawa

Analysis of Eastenders trailer - Ronnie and Danielle

Analysis of Eastenders trailer – Ronnie and Danielle
Throughout this trailer there are various locations including upstairs, downstairs and outside the pub (The Queen Vic), and the inside of a church. The fact that the majority of this trailer is set in a pub conforms to the generalisation that all soaps have a meeting place where the locals gather, which in this case is the pub.
There are characters seen from a variety of age groups; Danielle the younger blonde who is in her late teens, Ronnie and Roxy the two females having a ‘fight’ in the pub in their 30’s, Peggy and Archie 60-70years old representing the older generation. The variety of ages are present in this trailer so as not to alienate any member of the audience.

The female characters seen in the trailer are portrayed as strong, independent and dominant women which empowers the female audience who are the primary target audience. Danielle is seen to be this as she has the courage and strength to tell Ronnie she is her daughter; Ronnie is seen as this when she throws Danielle out onto the street, and Roxy is seen to be this when she slaps Ronnie. Throughout the trailer the main focus is on Danielle and Ronnie, and Ronnie is your stereotypical dominant female which conforms to Geraghty who said that emphasis is placed on a central female character which the audience are invited to support. Here in this trailer you are invited to support Danielle and hope that Ronnie accepts Danielle as her daughter.
The trailer conforms to Brown who said that there are multiple narratives in a soap; not only is Ronnie discovering who Danielle really is but there is also a quick shot of Peggy and Archie’s wedding and the reception incidentally where Danielle and Ronnie have their confrontation.

The characters seen in this trailer are all wearing formal, fancy clothes for Peggy and Archie’s wedding which suggests that the Mitchell family have quite a bit of money. However it remains obvious that the majority of the characters in Eastenders are from the working class as Danielle is seen wearing a plain yellow dress which suggests that she has little money. The formal wear for the wedding allows for a sense of realise as many people in everyday life wouldn’t wear their every day work clothes.

Although there is no racial diversity present in this trailer, the main reason for this is its focus is on Ronnie and Danielle which leaves little chance for them to show a variety of race and the same applies as to why there are no children present as well. However loyal Eastenders fans would be aware that there is racial diversity and would not be alienated by this trailer.

Throughout the trailer there is use of simple cuts which conforms to what Brown tells us all soaps have in common.

The song which plays over the trailer, She Will Be Loved is relevant as Danielle just wants to be loved and accepted by her mother. The lyric “look for the girl with the broken smile” applies to Danielle as it comes at the point where Danielle is partially hidden behind a door and she has a sad look on her face as she is feigning happiness when she won’t be truly happy until Ronnie believes her and loves her; this line also applies to Ronnie as she wants to know the daughter that she never knew and be able to love her, however she finds it hard to believe Danielle is telling the truth until she sees the evidence in her Champaign glass.
The trailer ends with the usual Eastenders theme tune kick, which a convention of all soap operas.

Shannon

Analysis of Eastenders Jackson 5 trailer

As a good video that uses most of these conventions I will be analysing an EastEnders musical trailer.




The iconography of the set is in a street which applies to the conventions of a small geographical area allowing all the focal characters to be close and in view of each other. The representations of the characters are seen as working class as they are wearing cheap, flashy clothes, large and cheap jewellery, the children are wearing items such as caps and they are walking through a market block show that they are working class. Near the beginning of the trailer a woman called Bianca starts singing and is in the middle focal point of all the other characters. This makes her the dominant signifier of the group and also coincides with Geraghtys genre of having a dominant, central woman in soap operas. Another notable fact is that most of the main characters of the trailer are female. Three out the five Jacksons are women and two of the women are adults where as the rest are not, also when walking through the street women are mostly seen looking at them. This supports Browns’ conventions as he said that soaps are made for women so it is natural that the main percentage of characters are women because that will allow their target audience to relate to the characters better. Also there is an example of the female gaze in this trailer as a muscular man stops to check them out. This man also gives off an effeminate look using Browns conventions showing that men are more sensitive.

The Jacksons are singing, walking and dancing down the street. This opposes the dominant stereotypes of a woman being at home while the man goes to work, as the women are strutting down the street flirting with passersby and winking at others. There is also ethnic diversity among the characters shown in this trailer as there are black and white people shown. This stops other viewers from being alienated. Also there is age diversity as you can see women who are clearly old in one shot and others who are young and then there are infants in Jacksons. This also expands their viewers as it does not alienate viewers of a different age. The accents of the characters allow you to have a general idea of where they are located in the UK. The editing is quick paced to create a happy, exciting feel that the producers want their target audience to associate the Jacksons with.

In the end the well known EastEnders’ usual establishing shot is used as well as their iconic introduction music which is a convention of soap operas. This allows those that do not usually watch EatEnders to know that this is an EastEnders trailer.

SCOTT

Soap Opera Conventions

Conventions of a soap opera

All Soap Operas follow the same conventions in order to be successful and capture the audience’s interest.

• Every soap has an iconic setting and theme tune which allows the audience to recognise it when it is starting. For example with Eastenders you see a shot of the square along with a memorable theme tune; and Coronation Street with the shot of the street alongside the brass band like theme tune.
• All soaps have key, core cast members that the audience are familiar with which enables them to feel as though they know the characters and connected with them.
• For a soap to be successful and apply to a wide audience there needs to be a variety in the age, gender, race, and sexuality of the characters.
• Many characters within soaps conform to dominant stereotypes so that the audience feels comfortable; although there will be those that break the stereotype too.
• There is always more than one narrative going on in a soap which enables it to appeal and interest a wider audience.
• The lack of permanent closure allows the soap to grow and adapt with time, and allows for a long life on television.
• The passing of time is acknowledged in the narrative which means that the next episode does not necessarily have to pick up straight after where it was left at the end of the last one. This also allows for a sense of future.
• The use of cliff hangers keeps the audience interested and makes certain that they will watch the next episode so that they can find out what happens.
• In all soaps there is always a certain meeting place where the characters gather where they share gossip and small talk, and have fights. This is clear in the three main soaps on television today; in Eastenders there is The Queen Vic and the café; in Coronation Street there is Roy’s café and The Rovers; and in Emmerdale there is The Woolpack.
• The soaps have their festivals and seasons at the same time as we do in real life.
• There is always a sense of realism in soaps with the costumes, and locations but not so much with the language and way the characters speak so fluently all the time.
• Soaps are the ideal way to tackle social issues such as drug use (which has recently been seen in Eastenders and Emmerdale), crime, rape, sexuality and incest.
• Personal relationships are the main focus of narrative within soaps which allows for the audience to know what is going on in the characters lives ‘behind closed doors’.

Brown 1997

Brown stated that most soap operas are directed primarily at a female audience, even though males enjoy watching the soaps as well. He stated that they all have certain characteristics in common.

• Multiple characters
• Multiple storylines
• Action paralleling real time
• Simple cuts between narrative strands
• The emphasis placed on conversations and problem solving rather than action
• The male characters are often portrayed as being ‘sensitive’ in order to appeal more to females because they like men to have a sensitive side and unafraid to show it.
• The female characters are often shown to be strong, independent and influential women, as females enjoy being in control of their lives.
• They are all done in a serial format with no closure at the end of an episode.

Geraghty 1991

Christine Geraghty states that there are four elements which explain the appeal of soap operas.

• The emphasis is placed on a central female character which the audience are invited to support. This also enables the primary target audience of soaps (females) to relate to the character if she is going through a particularly difficult situation.
• There is a diversion between the public and private sphere, with women controlling the private space. This is significant as women like to be in control of their lives and in some respects their significant other and children e.g. keeping them healthy and making sure they don’t spend too much money.
• An emphasis is placed on building and maintaining relationships
• There is an element of fantasy where things such as love and relationships take priority. In real life this is not always the case and females (particularly single) will be able to keep that dream of finding love and holding onto it.

Shannon, Scott, Hawa

Initial Ideas Part 2

To help make the initial ideas clearer Scott has taken our ideas to draw and upload a spider diagram in which he then scanned at home. The program Scott used to colour in this image is Macromedia Fireworks.

Scott

Initial Ideas

For our project we have decided to make a soap opera trailer. Soaps follow different conventions and ideas. These are some that we have thought of for our trailer:

• The front of a cafe in the opening shot.
• Gossip-interesting and catches the audiences attention, informs the audience of the situation.
• Controversial ideas e.g fire, homosexuality, teenage pregnancy, violence (weapons), divorce, religion, racism, sex and drugs. 
• Sensitive men - goes against the stereotype as women like sensitive men.
• Dominant women - go against the stereotype and the women who watch it can relate in some way to them.
• Ethnic diversity- shows a difference in culture and does not alienate the audience.
• Pub - meeting place for the characters.
• Potential names- Pendleside Close, Gatescott. 
• Mental/theoretical leash- shows control.
• Confessions- grabs the audiences to find out. 
• Multiple story lines - interests the audience, also allows different audiences to not be alienated.
• Diversity in youth cultures e.g chavs, emo, fresh 

These are the ideas that we have come up with so far. We intend to use the majority if not all of these ideas.

Hawa, Scott and Shannon